Background: The Wars of the Roses
To understand Richard’s rise to power, it is essential to consider the context of the Wars of the Roses, a series of dynastic conflicts fought between two branches of the House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster and the House of York. These wars, spanning from 1455 to 1487, were marked by battles, shifting alliances, and the frequent deposition of monarchs.
Richard was a member of the House of York, the younger brother of King Edward IV. Edward IV had won the throne from the Lancastrians and was a strong and capable king, restoring relative stability after years of civil war.
The Death of Edward IV and the Crisis of Succession
Edward IV died suddenly on April 9, 1483, leaving behind his young son, Edward V, who was only 12 years old. According to Edward’s wishes, the boy was to succeed him as king, with Richard, Duke of Gloucester, appointed as Lord Protector during the minority of the young king. This arrangement, however, quickly became complicated.
The royal family was thrown into turmoil. The realm was unstable, and powerful nobles were vying for influence. Richard moved swiftly to consolidate power. He escorted Edward V from Ludlow to London, ostensibly to prepare for his coronation. However, once in London, Edward V was placed in the Tower of London along with his younger brother, Richard, Duke of York. shutdown123